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How much is owed, when it falls due and how countries compare.
Select a country to explore its debt, maturities and currencies.
General government gross debt / GDP. Excludes private corporate and household debt.
Colours show debt levels, not credit ratings. Click a country or use the selector above.
This section shows the year-end stock dated above, independently of the map year. Consolidated general government (S.13) debt at nominal value.
Remaining maturity measured at 31.12.2025.
Up to 1 year means repayment in 2026; over 1–5 years means 2027–2030. Principal only, excluding future interest and new issuance.
* Over 5 years = total less the two shorter buckets. Calculated from source values.
Average remaining maturity: 5.8 years
Eurostat · gov_10dd_rmd ↗Currency of the obligation, regardless of the creditor’s residence.
Total foreign-currency share: 26.2%
Amounts are expressed in EUR only as a common reporting unit. This does not mean every obligation is denominated in EUR.
* Difference between total foreign-currency debt and disclosed currency components. Detailed currency coverage is incomplete.
Eurostat · gov_10dd_dcur ↗Mechanical increase in total debt measured in domestic currency: +2.6%
Illustration: foreign-currency share × exchange-rate change. Assumes all foreign currencies rise equally, no hedging, unchanged principal and GDP. Not a forecast or a change in GDP percentage points.Map: IMF WEO April 2026, 195 economies, 2020–2026; available values vary by year. Structure: Eurostat, 28 economies in the dataset, with partial detail availability. This is not a repayment calendar for all global debt.
Map data retrieved: 2026-09-30 · IMF WEO April 2026.
Structure data retrieved: 2026-10-01 · source tables updated: 2026-06-06 / 2026-06-05.
World Bank DT.CUR.USDL.ZS is retired from the public API; checked 29 September 2026. It was not used to fill country gaps. World Bank ↗
Eurostat definitions ↗2026 · forecast · USD amounts derived from GDP and debt ratios. Missing values remain blank in CSV.
| Country | Debt / GDP | Yearly change | Amount (derived) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 204.4% | -2.1 pp | US$9tn | |
| 171.9% | 0.6 pp | US$1.1tn | |
| 169.1% | -18.5 pp | US$75.6bn | |
| 152.4% | 4.8 pp | US$74.4bn | |
| 138.4% | 1.3 pp | US$3.8tn | |
| 136.9% | -8.8 pp | US$421bn | |
| 132.3% | 2.1 pp | US$53.5bn | |
| 129.4% | 4.0 pp | US$10.5bn | |
| 125.8% | 1.9 pp | US$40.7tn | |
| 122.6% | 13.9 pp | US$276.3bn | |
| 120.3% | 16.7 pp | US$4.6bn | |
| 120.1% | 6.7 pp | US$1.5bn | |
| 118.4% | 2.4 pp | US$4.3tn | |
| 110.7% | -2.8 pp | US$2.8tn | |
| 109.2% | 2.9 pp | US$848.2bn |
Share of each segment falling due or needing refinancing. Separate, overlapping groups — do not add them together.
Shares of outstanding debt in separate samples; do not add them. The OECD fixed-rate share is approximate. Source: Global Debt Report 2026, pp. 34, 44 and 68. OECD 2026 ↗
about 78% of projected OECD sovereign gross borrowing
OECD REFINANCING 2026of OECD refinancing needs come from the U.S. and Japan
OECD · 2026Treasury-bill share of OECD sovereign issuance in 2025; projected near the same level in 2026
Public sector, companies and households. Financial-sector debt is excluded.
IMF GDD 2025 · IMF · 2024 data ↗of world GDP in 2024; IMF projects 95.3% for 2026
bonds and syndicated loans at end-2025
record outstanding stock at end-2025
low- and middle-income economies · end-2024
Different IMF vintages: the 2025 Global Debt Database gives about 93% for 2024; the April 2026 Fiscal Monitor revises this to 92.0%. The chart uses one consistent Fiscal Monitor series.
IMF Fiscal Monitor · April 2026 edition
Bars start at 0%; full scale = 110% of GDP. Forecast vintage: April 2026. IMF Fiscal Monitor, 1.2 ↗
Much of the debt maturing through 2028 was issued at lower coupons. Refinancing can lift interest expense even without higher nominal debt.
Shorter maturities increase the frequency of refinancing. The initial cost may be lower or higher, depending on the yield curve; future rates remain uncertain.
Foreign-currency debt, weaker exchange rates and thinner domestic investor bases can amplify refinancing risk.
Higher interest bills compete with defence, energy transition, infrastructure and AI investment.
An amount outstanding at a point in time. The IMF total excludes the financial sector. OECD bond and loan figures have a different scope and must not be added to it.
Funds raised during a year, including replacement of maturing debt. The $29 trillion figure is an OECD forecast for 2026, not an increase in the debt stock.
Maturity means a payment is due, not that default is expected. Risk depends on rates, currency, investor demand and available cash. A debt ratio of 100% of GDP is not a universal crisis threshold.
Different IMF vintages: the 2025 Global Debt Database gives about 93% for 2024; the April 2026 Fiscal Monitor revises this to 92.0%. The chart uses one consistent Fiscal Monitor series.
The observation period, publication date and retrieval date mean different things. A site review does not make older statistics current.
Figures use different statistical scopes and should not be added together. This section is for macro research, not investment advice or a credit rating.