Observation
A published value for a specified period. It may still be revised.
Recommended information sources
Start with the underlying data. Use the selected channels and interviews below for context and different perspectives.
How to read the figures
Forecast / estimate
An assessment from a dated publication, not an observed outcome or a guarantee.
Missing data: —
No comparable value is available. A missing observation is never treated as zero.
The observation period, publication date and retrieval date mean different things. A site review does not make older statistics current.
Data sources & methodology
IMF · WEO / Fiscal Monitor
Growth, annual inflation and public debt. Future years are forecasts from a specific edition; annual average inflation is not the latest monthly year-on-year reading.
Eurostat · BLS · GUS
Primary consumer-price releases. CPI and HICP use different baskets and methods. Compare like measures and distinguish flash estimates from final releases; each country card links to its source.
IMF Global Debt Database · OECD
Debt stocks, issuance and refinancing. Coverage differs across publications. Do not add overlapping categories or interpret a maturity share as the probability of default.
UNSD · FAOSTAT
Industry value added and agricultural production. Constant-price values, current-price trade and physical volumes are distinct measures. Coverage and the latest available year vary by series; maps compare one selected year.
JODI · USDA PSD
Oil, gas and grain inventories. JODI reports monthly stocks; USDA uses marketing years and may forecast ending stocks. Stored inventory is not a geological reserve. EU totals must not be assigned to individual countries.
UNHCR Refugee Data Finder
Refugees and asylum seekers by origin and destination. The map shows reported populations, not annual border crossings or exact journeys. Refugees, asylum seekers and internally displaced people are different categories.
SEC EDGAR · Form 13F
Quarter-end disclosed holdings, published with a delay. 13F does not cover an entire portfolio or reveal current trades, all shorts, cash or total assets under management. Manager filings may overlap.
SEC EDGAR · Nasdaq · TradingView
Company statements are the primary evidence; market-data providers are secondary sources. Quotes are snapshots. TTM income and the latest balance sheet may cover different dates. Index P/E, MSCI forward P/E and dividend yields can refer to different baskets.
FINRA · Short interest
FINRA explains reporting and settlement dates. The site's ranking uses a secondary provider whose settlement date is not supplied. Short interest is not daily short volume; a high percentage alone does not predict a squeeze. Crowded-trade surveys measure opinions, not audited positions.
GDACS · Google Trends
Event alerts and search interest are different signals. Alerts evolve; consult the linked agency. Trends uses a relative 0–100 scale, not search counts. Rate-limited retrieval attempts on 1 October did not replace the verified original monthly exports through August 2026.
Channels & interviews
Investment education & valuation
Aswath Damodaran — opens in a new tab
NYU Stern lectures on company valuation, corporate finance and investment philosophies. Useful for learning DCF models and understanding the assumptions behind a valuation.
YouTubeThe Plain Bagel — opens in a new tab
Accessible explanations of investing, personal finance and economics. A useful starting point for understanding financial instruments, core concepts and the risks involved.
YouTubePatrick Boyle — opens in a new tab
Commentary and educational videos on finance, the economy and market events. Boyle combines a fund manager’s perspective with an academic background.
YouTube
Markets, the economy & commentary
The Real Eisman Playbook — Steve Eisman — opens in a new tab
Steve Eisman’s conversations and commentary on investing, markets and the economy. An investor’s perspective on companies, industries and risk.
YouTubeDefiant Gatekeeper — opens in a new tab
Videos about markets, monetary policy and careers in finance. The creator describes himself as a former investment banker and an investor in credit markets.
YouTubeBloomberg Originals — opens in a new tab
Documentaries and longer reports on business, technology and changes in the global economy. Useful context for the forces shaping companies and markets.
YouTubeBloomberg Television — opens in a new tab
Financial news, market commentary and interviews with market participants. Useful for following economic developments and investors’ responses.
YouTube
Geopolitics & security
John Mearsheimer — Offensive Realism — opens in a new tab
John Mearsheimer’s discussions and analyses of international relations, great-power competition and security, presented through the lens of offensive realism.
YouTubeStrategy&Future EN — opens in a new tab
An English-language channel about geostrategy and geopolitics. Discussions and analyses explore shifts in the balance of power and their implications for security and the economy.
YouTube
Investor talks & discussions
Warren Buffett & Charlie Munger — on investing — opens in a new tab
A collection of talks and Q&A from Berkshire Hathaway annual meetings. Buffett and Munger discuss how to think about stocks, market fluctuations and the difference between investing and speculation.
YouTubePeter Lynch — stock-market thinking traps — opens in a new tab
A humorous talk by Peter Lynch, former manager of Fidelity’s Magellan Fund, on ten dangerous things investors say about stocks.
YouTubeBill Ackman — finance & investing fundamentals — opens in a new tab
A Big Think educational video featuring William “Bill” Ackman. Using a simple business example, he explains company financing, ownership and fundamental investing concepts.
YouTube