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Debt assessments for the 30 largest economies. Select a country to see what drives its score.
Higher scores indicate greater resilience in the selected area.
The overall score requires seven pillars. Grey hatching means incomplete data, not a low rating. 1/30 complete scores
Select a country on the map or from the list.
Debt/GDP or low reported interest alone is not enough. Institutions, price stability, repayment history and financing access also matter. Only complete overall assessments receive stars.
IMF overall stress risk: low · 2026-04-02
A deep debt market and the dollar’s role support financing. High debt remains a weakness.
IMF reportIMF overall stress risk: high · 2026-05-22
Highest annual inflation in the reviewed window: 219.9% (2024). Inflation history, credit risk and market access inform the score ceiling.
IMF reportThese bounds reflect known inputs and model caps; they are not issued ratings. NR means an incomplete assessment, not zero stars. The same rules apply to all 30 countries.
The same score as on the map. Filters below apply to the table.
| Economy | Overall WMA score | Debt / GDP2025 · WEO | Interest / revenue2024 · scope in profile | Data coverage | Details |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
59–78/100 Possible score rangeNR · Incomplete score | 123.9% | 13.2% | 83%4/7 complete pillars | ||
42–83/100 Possible score rangeNR · Incomplete score | 99.2% | 3.7% | 60%3/7 complete pillars | ||
83–86/100 Possible score rangeNR · Incomplete score | 62.9% | 2.3% | 98%6/7 complete pillars | ||
49–88/100 Possible score rangeNR · Incomplete score | 206.5% | 4.0% | 62%3/7 complete pillars | ||
48–85/100 Possible score rangeNR · Incomplete score | 102.3% | 7.4% | 63%3/7 complete pillars | ||
33–39/100 Possible score rangeNR · Incomplete score | 84.1% | 25.0% | 63%3/7 complete pillars | ||
66–83/100 Possible score rangeNR · Incomplete score | 116.0% | 4.0% | 84%5/7 complete pillars | ||
68.0/100 | 137.1% | 8.2% | 100%7/7 complete pillars | ||
41–80/100 Possible score rangeNR · Incomplete score | 17.2% | 3.4% | 62%3/7 complete pillars | ||
31–39/100 Possible score rangeNR · Incomplete score | 93.3% | 21.0% | 63%3/7 complete pillars | ||
46–84/100 Possible score rangeNR · Incomplete score | 113.5% | 8.3% | 63%3/7 complete pillars | ||
54–92/100 Possible score rangeNR · Incomplete score | 51.0% | 4.7% | 63%3/7 complete pillars | ||
29–39/100 Possible score rangeNR · Incomplete score | 61.8% | 26.3% | 63%3/7 complete pillars | ||
58–83/100 Possible score rangeNR · Incomplete score | 100.4% | 5.8% | 76%4/7 complete pillars | ||
37–93/100 Possible score rangeNR · Incomplete score | 52.3% | 4.7%central govt* | 45%2/7 complete pillars | ||
30–39/100 Possible score rangeNR · Incomplete score | 23.5% | 10.6% | 60%3/7 complete pillars | ||
39–78/100 Possible score rangeNR · Incomplete score | 41.0% | 15.2% | 62%3/7 complete pillars | ||
64–92/100 Possible score rangeNR · Incomplete score | 43.3% | 1.6% | 74%4/7 complete pillars | ||
34–90/100 Possible score rangeNR · Incomplete score | 31.7% | 3.5%central govt* | 45%2/7 complete pillars | ||
59–95/100 Possible score rangeNR · Incomplete score | 39.4% | 1.1% | 65%4/7 complete pillars | ||
65–78/100 Possible score rangeNR · Incomplete score | 58.8% | 5.1% | 88%5/7 complete pillars | ||
39–95/100 Possible score rangeNR · Incomplete score | 22.4% | — | 45%2/7 complete pillars | ||
66–92/100 Possible score rangeNR · Incomplete score | 32.9% | 2.3% | 75%4/7 complete pillars | ||
60–85/100 Possible score rangeNR · Incomplete score | 106.3% | 4.5% | 76%4/7 complete pillars | ||
59–95/100 Possible score rangeNR · Incomplete score | 34.9% | 1.4% | 65%3/7 complete pillars | ||
46–84/100 Possible score rangeNR · Incomplete score | 68.5% | 9.7% | 63%3/7 complete pillars | ||
≤24/100 Known score ceilingNR · Incomplete score | 80.3% | 5.4% | 83%4/7 complete pillars | ||
35–88/100 Possible score rangeNR · Incomplete score | 171.3% | — | 47%2/7 complete pillars | ||
63–88/100 Possible score rangeNR · Incomplete score | 80.5% | 2.9% | 76%4/7 complete pillars | ||
51–92/100 Possible score rangeNR · Incomplete score | 34.3% | 2.0% | 60%3/7 complete pillars |
The number beside a country is its GDP rank, not its rating rank. * Central-government figures do not score general-government interest affordability. Annual WEO values can include IMF estimates.
WMA Sovereign Score · seven pillars
A full rating has not been assigned. Verified components and the precise missing inputs are shown below.
IMF (2 April 2026): low overall sovereign-stress risk; moderate medium-term risk. The deep bond market and the dollar’s international role support financing. High debt and rising debt-service costs still weigh on the assessment.
2026-04-02
70% of the pillar: IMF overall stress assessment (low 90, moderate 60, high 20 points). 30%: documented market access (deep and liquid 100, regular 70, constrained 20 points). These are WMA mappings, not IMF numerical scores. We use the final overall assessment, not a single mechanical signal.
Final overall IMF assessment: low. Report date: 2026-04-02.
2025 · WGI 2026
WGI: rule of law 30%, government effectiveness 25%, control of corruption 20%, regulatory quality 15%, political stability 10%. We use the new absolute 0–100 scores, not percentile ranks.
CPI 2021–2025 · quarterly target history missing
50% for deviations from historical targets: frequency, magnitude and persistence. The 20- and 8-quarter windows carry 60/40 weights; WMA’s ±1 pp buffer is a model assumption. The other 50% uses five years of annual CPI: latest year 40%, median 40%, peak 20%. Annual CPI does not replace the index matching the central bank’s target.
CPI 2021–2025: latest year 2.7%; median 4.1%; peak 8.0%. Source: IMF WEO April 2026.
Still required: 20 quarters of the correct price index and historical inflation targets.
2022–2024
70% for the latest annual interest/revenue ratio and 30% for its three-year average. Numerator and denominator cover the same government sector. Interest as a share of expenditure is shown separately.
2022–2025 · WEO April 2026
70% for gross debt/GDP and 30% for its three-year change. Lower debt and a declining burden increase the score. When five-year median inflation exceeds 10%, falling debt earns no trend bonus beyond the stable-debt score (80 points). Public assets and contingent liabilities require separate interpretation.
2015–2024 · IMF 2025
Up to 15 points for legal basis, 20 for coverage, 10 for correction, 10 for monitoring, 35 for compliance and 10 for transparency. A constitutional provision alone does not guarantee a high score. Lawful escape clauses and suspensions are not automatically breaches. The dataset describes arrangements through 2024.
Confirmed fully compliant years / active-rule years: 0/10. 2015: not assessed; 2016: not assessed; 2017: not assessed; 2018: not assessed; 2019: not assessed; 2020: not assessed; 2021: not assessed; 2022: not assessed; 2023: not assessed; 2024: not assessed.
Still required: correction mechanism; documented fiscal-rule compliance history.
2025 observations; 2026–2028 projections
50% for the highest gross financing needs/GDP in three projected years, 25% for foreign-currency debt and 25% for average remaining maturity. Foreign investor ownership is not a substitute for debt denomination.
Still required: three consecutive years of financing-needs projections; foreign-currency debt share; average remaining maturity of general-government debt.
Annual-average CPI inflation from IMF WEO. The five-year history forms half of the inflation pillar and informs risk caps. It does not replace quarterly deviations from the correct policy target.
Credit-event review: 2026-04-02. A report date does not imply real-time monitoring of debt payments.
The score is an independent financial-resilience indicator, not a credit-rating-agency assessment or a default probability. Thresholds are pilot assumptions; the model has not yet been calibrated against historical crises.
NR: no assigned rating and no stars. Zero gold stars applies only to a complete score below 25 points. Component indicators do not receive stars.
WMA = 20% × credit risk & market access + 25% × institutional strength + 20% × inflation stability + 15% × interest affordability + 10% × debt level & direction + 5% × fiscal rules + 5% × refinancing & currency
Scores are linearly interpolated between anchors and capped at the endpoints. Stars use the unrounded score; displayed points do not round up into another band.
| Indicator | Value → score |
|---|---|
| Debt / GDP (%) | 30 → 100 · 60 → 80 · 90 → 60 · 120 → 40 · 160 → 20 · 220 → 0 |
| Debt change (pp) | -10 → 100 · 0 → 80 · 10 → 55 · 20 → 25 · 40 → 0 |
| Interest / revenue (%) | 3 → 100 · 6 → 85 · 10 → 65 · 15 → 40 · 20 → 20 · 30 → 0 |
| Financing needs / GDP (%) | 5 → 100 · 10 → 85 · 15 → 65 · 25 → 30 · 40 → 0 |
| Foreign-currency debt (%) | 0 → 100 · 10 → 90 · 30 → 65 · 50 → 40 · 80 → 10 · 100 → 0 |
| Maturity (years) | 1 → 0 · 3 → 30 · 5 → 60 · 7 → 80 · 10 → 100 |
Inflation: deviation frequency 0/10/25/50/75/100% → 100/90/70/40/15/0 points; average deviation outside the buffer 0/0.5/1/2/4/8 pp → 100/90/75/50/20/0; longest episode 0/1/2/4/8/12 quarters → 100/95/85/65/30/0. The three measures carry 30/50/20% weights. Annual CPI: 3/5/10/20/40% → 100/85/55/20/0 points; values below 3% receive 100. This is a simplified high-inflation measure, not a model of deflation costs. The latest year, five-year median and five-year peak carry 40/40/20% weights.
Weights never change and missing observations are not replaced with zero. Ranges show only the arithmetic bounds of the weighted sum when unknown components can take any value from 0 to 100. Neither endpoint is assigned to missing data. This is not a confidence interval or an issued rating; ranges apply known score caps. They do not substitute for an outstanding credit-event review.
A full assessment requires seven pillars and a separate credit-event review. Active default supersedes the score. Caps: default/restructuring within five calendar years → 39; six to ten years → 54. High overall IMF stress risk, constrained market access, latest annual inflation or five-year median ≥20%, or interest/refinancing score <25 → 39. Annual inflation ≥100% within five years → 24. A documented current constitutional-limit breach → 54. Event age uses calendar years; only the lowest cap applies, with no additive penalties. These thresholds are WMA assumptions, not IMF cutoffs. Missing data does not mean zero stars.
The largest gaps concern inflation-target and matching-index histories, fiscal-rule compliance and three-year financing projections. Central and general government remain separate. Institutional indicators display WGI’s source 90% intervals; they are not combined into a spurious rating confidence interval.
Legal basis: constitution 15 points; statute or binding treaty 12; political commitment or coalition agreement 4. General-government coverage earns 20 points; central government 10. Compliance: 35 × share of fully compliant years × min(observed years/5, 1). We assess national rules active in 2015–2024. Lawful exclusions are omitted; unknown active years remain in the history and prevent a complete compliance score. Partial compliance is not full compliance. Absence from a rule-adopter sample alone does not establish an absence of law.
WGI: World Bank · CC BY 4.0. Calculations and interpretation: World Market Atlas. Source providers do not endorse this model.
Data attribution